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All things brain...

Started by Claireliontamer, July 12, 2017, 08:18:49 PM

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Icarus

The tension meter used a spring or weight loaded narrow bar to push down on the fabric. The plunger with the bar was engaged with a dial indicator.  The depth of depression in the fabric was translated on the indicator dial to Newtons per centimeter of tension.   

N/cm could be converted to pounds perinch but no one in the industry used that sort of measurement designation.  It was/is strictly metric stuff.

One day I may post a picture of one of my meters.


billy rubin

Quote from: Icarus on June 26, 2022, 05:10:48 AMThe tension meter used a spring or weight loaded narrow bar to push down on the fabric. The plunger with the bar was engaged with a dial indicator.  The depth of depression in the fabric was translated on the indicator dial to Newtons per centimeter of tension.   

N/cm could be converted to pounds perinch but no one in the industry used that sort of measurement designation.  It was/is strictly metric stuff.

One day I may post a picture of one of my meters.



how did you control for differing elastcity in th efabric?

im guessing that different fabrics would show different deflection for the same weighted probe?

 i iknow absolutely nothing about aircraft fabric



"I cannot understand the popularity of that kind of music, which is based on repetition. In a civilized society, things don't need to be said more than three times."

Icarus

Modulous of elasticity can be applied to various materials.  A rubber membrane will move farther for a given pressure than a more rigid membrane like polyester. Even though it moves farther for a given pressure,  the tension in the fabric will be proportional.   The meter accounts for that.  If the depresser moves farther, the meter indicates less tension. See Hookes law

billy rubin

when was the last use of fabric in aerospace? or is it still used?

i was amazed when i learned the B-17 had a fabric tail section

what about stuff like sailplanes?


"I cannot understand the popularity of that kind of music, which is based on repetition. In a civilized society, things don't need to be said more than three times."

Dark Lightning

A lot of spacecraft structures are graphite fiber reinforced plastic. It's a woven sheet that is laid up into tubes and sheets. Stealth aircraft use a similar process for their structures. Probably not what you meant, though.

Icarus

Back to brains.........Recent studies report that parts of the human brain have higher temperatures than any other parts of the body.  Temps in the 105 F range are reported.  Those temps are variable and present in all of us. Females show about three quarters of a degree higher temps than males.  The temperatures vary throughout the day and during sleep.

That gives new meaning to expressions like hot head.

Recusant

Quote from: Icarus on June 30, 2022, 11:31:18 PMBack to brains.........Recent studies report that parts of the human brain have higher temperatures than any other parts of the body.  Temps in the 105 F range are reported.  Those temps are variable and present in all of us. Females show about three quarters of a degree higher temps than males.  The temperatures vary throughout the day and during sleep.

That gives new meaning to expressions like hot head.

 :lol:

Yeah, I'm late to this one, but will attempt to partially make up for it by giving a link to an article about it, which includes a video. . .

"ICYMI: Our Brains May Be Hotter Than We Thought" | BrainFacts.org

Also, the paper is open access:

"A daily temperature rhythm in the human brain predicts survival after brain injury" | Brain



"Religion is fundamentally opposed to everything I hold in veneration — courage, clear thinking, honesty, fairness, and above all, love of the truth."
— H. L. Mencken


Recusant

Investigating the evolutionary development of primate and hominin brains to determine how different lobes of the cerebral cortex changed over time, and how they develop/grow as the individual matures. Specifically, to what extent the different lobes evolve and grow in an integrated fashion. In most primates the development is integrated only in juveniles while in Neanderthal and our own species the development is highly integrated (especially in the frontal and parietal lobes) into adulthood.

"Human and Neanderthal brains have a surprising 'youthful' quality in common, new research finds" | The Conversation

QuoteMany believe our particularly large brain is what makes us human – but is there more to it? The brain's shape, as well as the shapes of its component parts (lobes) may also be important.

Results of a study we published today in Nature Ecology & Evolution show that the way the different parts of the human brain evolved separates us from our primate relatives. In a sense, our brains never grow up. We share this "Peter Pan syndrome" with only one other primate – the Neanderthals.

Our findings provide insight into what makes us human, but also further narrow any distinction between ourselves and our extinct, heavy-browed cousins.

Mammalian brains have four distinct regions or lobes, each with particular functions. The frontal lobe is associated with reasoning and abstract thought, the temporal lobe with preserving memory, the occipital lobe with vision, and the parietal lobe helps to integrate sensory inputs.

We investigated whether the brain's lobes evolved independently of each other, or whether evolutionary change in any one lobe appears to be necessarily tied to changes in others – that is, evidence the evolution of the lobes is "integrated".

In particular, we wanted to know how human brains might differ from other primates in this respect.

One way to address this question is to look at how the different lobes have changed over time among different species, measuring how much shape change in each lobe correlates with shape change in others.

Alternatively, we can measure the degree to which the brain's lobes are integrated with each other as an animal grows through different stages of its life cycle.

[. . .]

The results of our analyses surprised us. Tracking change over deep time across dozens of primate species, we found humans had particularly high levels of brain integration, especially between the parietal and frontal lobes.

But we also found we're not unique. Integration between these lobes was similarly high in Neanderthals too.

Looking at changes in shape through growth revealed that in apes, such as the chimpanzee, integration between the brain's lobes is comparable to that of humans until they reach adolescence.

At this point, integration rapidly falls away in the apes, but continues well into adulthood in humans.

[Continues . . .]

The paper is behind a paywall.

QuoteAbstract:

There is controversy around the mechanisms that guided the change in brain shape during the evolution of modern humans. It has long been held that different cortical areas evolved independently from each other to develop their unique functional specializations. However, some recent studies suggest that high integration between different cortical areas could facilitate the emergence of equally extreme, highly specialized brain functions.

Here, we analyse the evolution of brain shape in primates using three-dimensional geometric morphometrics of endocasts. We aim to determine, firstly, whether modern humans present unique developmental patterns of covariation between brain cortical areas; and secondly, whether hominins experienced unusually high rates of evolution in brain covariation as compared to other primates.

On the basis of analyses including modern humans and other extant great apes at different developmental stages, we first demonstrate that, unlike our closest living relatives, Homo sapiens retain high levels of covariation between cortical areas into adulthood. Among the other great apes, high levels of covariation are only found in immature individuals. Secondly, at the macro-evolutionary level, our analysis of 400 endocasts, representing 148 extant primate species and 6 fossil hominins, shows that strong covariation between different areas of the brain in H. sapiens and Homo neanderthalensis evolved under distinctly higher evolutionary rates than in any other primate, suggesting that natural selection favoured a greatly integrated brain in both species.

These results hold when extinct species are excluded and allometric effects are accounted for. Our findings demonstrate that high covariation in the brain may have played a critical role in the evolution of unique cognitive capacities and complex behaviours in both modern humans and Neanderthals.
"Religion is fundamentally opposed to everything I hold in veneration — courage, clear thinking, honesty, fairness, and above all, love of the truth."
— H. L. Mencken


No one

Hoomans must have much too much of the smortz trapped inside their tiny, little noggins.

The inadequate organic processor, tends to run slightly hot managing massive amounts of the aforementioned smortitudes.

Recusant

Let Mr Musk put a discreet item in your head, why don't you?

"The FDA finally approved Elon Musk's Neuralink chip for human trials. Have all the concerns been addressed?" | The Conversation

QuoteIn February 2021, Musk said Neuralink was working with the FDA to secure permission to start initial human trials later that year. But human trials didn't commence in 2021.

Then, in March 2022, Neuralink made a further application to the FDA to establish its readiness to begin humans trials.

One year and three months later, on May 25 2023, Neuralink finally received FDA approval for its first human clinical trial. Given how hard Neuralink has pushed for permission to begin, we can assume it will begin very soon.

The approval has come less than six months after the US Office of the Inspector General launched an investigation into Neuralink over potential animal welfare violations.

The FDA had quite a list of issues that needed to be resolved before human trials could commence, as was reported in a Reuters investigation, which claimed to have spoken to several Neuralink sources.

Most of these concerns called for Neuralink to perform thorough and repeated testing and data collection over an extended period. This was likely a deciding factor in why the approval process to begin human testing took as long as it did.

It can't be said with certainty that all of the issues have been fully resolved. But considering the rigour of the FDA's approval process, we might conclude they have at least been resolved to a point of satisfaction for the FDA.

[Link to full article.]
"Religion is fundamentally opposed to everything I hold in veneration — courage, clear thinking, honesty, fairness, and above all, love of the truth."
— H. L. Mencken


MarcusA

Neuroscientists are brain "experts".
This user has been banned for spamming the forum.

billy rubin

fuck no

i wak into an MRI room and it rips my head apart?

induction heating?

elon doesnt have a brain, and knows nothing about them.


"I cannot understand the popularity of that kind of music, which is based on repetition. In a civilized society, things don't need to be said more than three times."

MarcusA

If Neuralink actually works without any problems, it'd be great for disabled people.
This user has been banned for spamming the forum.

billy rubin

it has a trail of dead monkeys so far


"I cannot understand the popularity of that kind of music, which is based on repetition. In a civilized society, things don't need to be said more than three times."

billy rubin

https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-mind-of-an-octopus/

octopuses and all the cephalopods have always fasvcinated me.

most definitions of "non human intelligence" boil down to "similar to human."

not these guys.


"I cannot understand the popularity of that kind of music, which is based on repetition. In a civilized society, things don't need to be said more than three times."